May 13, 2022 /
The XII. Civil Senate of the Federal Court of Justice (BGH) in Karlsruhe issued a potentially landmark ruling on Thursday, 04.05.2022. Specifically, it concerned membership fees in fitness studios that were collected by direct debit during the lockdowns to contain the Covid-19 pandemic (see AZ XII ZR 64/21). As gyms also had to close during this time, it was impossible for members to access the services they had already paid for.
The lawsuit was brought by a customer of a fitness studio whose operator had had to close the studio for around three months and had continued to collect the monthly fees of €29.90 plus a six-monthly service fee by direct debit during this period. She had accepted the written notice of termination. When an agreement on a voucher did not result in a settlement, the customer took the matter to court.
The Gelsenkirchen District Court ruled in favor of the plaintiff and ordered the operator to repay the fees plus interest and legal fees. The Essen Regional Court rejected an appeal. The appeal allowed by the district court was unsuccessful. The BGH has now confirmed this ruling.
Specifically, the BGH based its decision on the following paragraphs §§ Sections 275 (1), 326 (1) sentence 1 and (4) and 346 (1) BGB. In this case, the operator was unable to allow the customer to use the studio, thereby breaching its main obligation.
As the purpose of a fitness studio is precisely the “regular and year-round use” for sports activities, the purpose of the contract is not fulfilled as soon as it has to close, even if it serves to contain a pandemic. According to the BGH, a merely temporary impossibility is excluded, as the service can no longer be made up for. This also means that operators cannot adjust their customers’ contracts and extend the term. The legislator already responded to this with a corresponding regulation in spring 2020.
Source:
https://www.tagesschau.de/wirtschaft/bgh-fitnessstudio-101.html (last accessed on 09.05.2022)
https://www.lto.de/recht/nachrichten/n/bgh-xiizr6421-fitnesstudio-schliessung-wegen-corona-massnahmen-rueckzahlungsanspruch-kunden/ (last accessed on 09.05.2022)
https://www.handelsblatt.com/politik/deutschland/bgh-urteil-fitnessstudios-muessen-beitraege-aus-corona-zeit-zurueckzahlen/28303616.html (last accessed on 10.05.2022)
https://www.finanzwende.de/themen/cumex/wie-funktionierten-die-cumex-geschaefte/ (last accessed on 10.05.2021)